PONDASI PANCANG : part2b_Metode Pelaksanaan & Pengawasan - Hinawan T. Santoso, ST, MT

Well, all of you, we will try to continue the next material, still in this part 2, related to the implementation method and the monitoring or full control method of long-range tiling foundation. Previously, you have learned a lot of things, starting from calculating the single-strand support power to the group-strand support power and the efficiency of the tiling group.

We will try to see how to perform long pole foundation on the field, what is the method, and also the control of the pole. The control of the pole is related to whether there is a long pole on the field like this, we have to make sure that the support is full according to the design, like what. We will see in this presentation.

So I took this for a long implementation method to simplify our understanding, you can take this from the work instruction in BINAMARGA in 2011, number 30, about bridge construction supervision. This is explained in detail there.

including the work instructions and checklist that must be prepared in the planning process. For example, starting from the preparation of work, what should be checked later? Is the work location ready yet? Are the tools ready yet? Has it been staked out yet? Later here in the preparation proposal.

Usually the contractor will present the long pole, we want to use it according to the design of the long pole We have to do a test of this long pole in the factory or if we have bought it in the factory, we will be given a test certificate from there

In addition to the factory, we also need to do a test of this pole on the field. What is the purpose? From the data of the solder, we usually get it or SPT data. And calculated by the planner, for example, the depth of this long pole is 40 meters. Is the data of the soil data correct?

We will test with testpal So we come to the long pole, maybe the number is not as much as needed Because only for testing We extend it to the depth It turns out that if it is appropriate, it means we can send in the future

the long pole reference we adjust to the situation of the field but if it doesn't fit, for example, 40 meters, it turns out to be extended to the depth 35 meters it can't enter, it's stuck, the capacity is full, it means that in the future we don't have to order 40 meters, it turns out that our land education, whether it's wrong or wrong, etc. we order 35 meters, this is also we determine the length configuration

For example, 35 meters is usually manufactured with a length of 10 meters. Do you want 10, 10, 10, 5 meters like that? Or do you want to use 7, 7, 7, but times 5 can be adjusted depending on the needs on the field. This is very necessary, friends, for the test of this pole or test pole.

Don't let us order our pole needs for example 100 points We have been sent because in a 40 meter design we immediately come all of them And it turns out that the field cannot be extended, the remaining 5 meters earlier These 5 meters will not be used later, it will be a loss for the contractor because the owner does not want to pay what

usually like that, so this test or test spell is very necessary to be done before we order a long pole in large quantities if okay, we will present the long pole length including the purchase later if it has come to the field, we can do the test this test later we will do the loading test we will explain this test later

If it is fulfilled, if it is not, then the next step is to cut the long head of the pole. And the next step is to measure the results of this work for OPNAM. If you are on the field, OPNAM, then pay. If it is not fulfilled, then it must be repaired. What is the repair? Usually it can be done by adding the number of poles.

must make the reconfiguration of the pole, for example, in the test, one pole should be 40 tons, it turns out that only about 37 tons are obtained on the field. Well, then we have to go around again to get the value of the capacity that the pole group was full of. We have to negotiate with the planner or designer, if this is not full, we have to

the plan from the Pell Cap. If the mistake is the mistake of the contractor, then the responsibility is financially and in time, it returns to the contractor. Because it was certainly not through this test, and this loading test is not complete, it means that the mistake is in the contractor. Because it has been given here, the test of the pole or test Pell. This test Pell can usually be used later, or not.

If it is in the planned location and the pole condition is still good, it means we can use it. But if it is outside the planned location, it means it is not used. Or if the pole is damaged, it means it is not used. That's the flow part in general. What do we try to observe one by one for preparation? This must be paid attention to what? The condition of the ground where this long tool is placed. This must be strong enough.

So, don't let it go down or even tilt when it's straight. Especially if it's tilt, if we want to straighten the pole, it will be a tilt pole. And that will reduce the support from the pole if it's tilt. Even if the tilt is not controlled, it can cause the long pole to be damaged or cracked.

If the final elevation is under the ground surface, then the chisel must be performed first. This tool must be close to the location that we are in. If the location is under the ground surface, then the ground surface must be

so that later it can be stretched below or if it is not possible because it is submerged in water, the extension is usually done above but later cut at the bottom so that because of the construction method there is a long pole that is thrown away and it is not paid that depends on the method of work next, the preparation of the extension tool must also be prepared

Later, the installation equipment, both the crane and the collider, must be prepared by the contractor And also, if needed, the contractor can do land education So, in addition to land education

the planner and then the design comes out, the picture comes out, but to make sure it is allowed from sometimes encouraged from the contractor or the performer to do land education. What is the relationship? So that when the application is not wrong again, it is possible that the previous education

the location is not exactly in our plan that will be done foundation or mistakes during the previous land education, it is better for us as a contractor to do the re-education maybe the price is not as much as if we make a wrong order later and later it is thrown away, this is even more lossy, it is usually recommended for them to do the re-education in the location

The next stage is the storage collection, which must be taken into account when it is collected or mobilized to the field, make sure the material, for example, concrete, must meet the criteria or strength of the material, the age has entered, if it is a bazaar, it may not be affected, and later stored around the site of the site, if possible, do not move it

yesterday it was stored there because the location is too far, it was taken again, it will cause the potential for damage to our long pole if possible, we place it in a location that is close to the location of the extension and easily accessible by the crane service also the long pole is arranged

if the storage is like a pyramid, the bottom is more, then the top is less and given wood base usually use 5-10 balok, between one and the other so that later it does not bend and do not deform each other or bend each other then also grouped according to the date of the divorce

The one that arrived earlier or older is usually the one that is long-term. If the last one arrives, the long-term is the last one. Don't let the last one arrive, it turns out that in terms of transportation, it is already old enough, but to be long-term, it turns out that it is not enough. This is worried that when it is long-term, it will be damaged. So later it will be grouped according to the date, type, diameter, and the same dimension. This is for ease when long-term.

Now enter the main stage of the extension, this is later you must pay attention This pole is given a marking or scale sign every 1 meter depth What is the purpose of this? To make it easier for us to control, how many meters has the pole been extended, how many connections have been made

So, in terms of backup quality or quantity, if there is an inspection, when we document it, usually, the long pole is given a scale per 1 meter, given a number, for example, or even per half meter. Later when it is long, we document it, oh, this means the first pole. When it enters, we connect it with the next pole, we document it again, it means this is the second pole, so that

The total depth of the pole is recorded and documented well. If there is a inspector, he usually asks how deep the pole is, 40 meters, what is the proof? We can't answer anything, the material has been planted. One of the proofs that can save us is from photo documentation that we draw based on date and the order of expansion.

The first bar is 10 meters long, we connect the second, third, and fourth bars. This is 40 meters, sir.

our depth is 40 meters, we have proof because until now we don't have the technology to know how deep this pellet is that is long this is usually a debate on the field is it true that this is 40 meters long? maybe you are only 35 meters but it is admitted to be 40 meters, this must be noticed with this marking, it is hoped that it will be documented well and there will be no more findings

The head of the long pole must be protected with a cap or cushion Usually this cap or cushion is made of wooden planks, usually plywood or boards

because the head will be directly hit by the hammer so that it does not break, there must be a cushion

What is the method? This long pole is tied to the sling, note that the lift point is usually given by the manufacturer When the pole is lifted only one point, usually given a mark here

If you want two points, usually in a quarter, a quarter, it is also given a sign, so we must pay attention and follow it Don't let us lift it at the end, if at the end, maybe the moment will be very big so that this pole can be flat Usually these lifting points have been given by the manufacturer, where it has been strengthened here with additional bone plates and the moment has also been considered so that it is not flat

this lift point, then lift it until we enter the bottom of the hammer or hammer, then the elevation is set so that it is straight, if it is straight, we can do the alignment, this alignment is my advice every

When we connect to the next segment, for example, this is already entered, segment 1, connected to segment 2, and documented So this is segment 1 to segment 2, segment 3, and segment 4 as proof of our documentation, how deep this is Also, monitoring will be done later, usually with a form provided in the work instruction

For example, how deep is it recorded? How many hits? Even the number of hits must also be recorded Penetration last when it reaches the hard ground, which is called final set, I will explain later How many cm when hit 10 last hits, this must also be recorded Ribbon, when hit, it bounces up, how much it bounces must also be recorded This is for us to calculate the support power

current, if it was from the support of the plan, this is from the support that is really current from the pole that is in the field, this is related to transportation, and this is with the accumulation in the field, if possible, it is neat like this, so there is a bottom, given a wooden bar 5-10, this is also and above it in the form of a pyramid, it is getting smaller and pay attention, usually here it is cut so that it does not slide or fall to the side, because it is dangerous, these are events

many long poles that fall, hit, for example, there are people who are under it this needs to be noticed by friends related to handling or storage of long poles in the field okay, I continue okay, we continue to the selection of tools, the hammer tools of the long pole that we must pay attention to

We have to adjust the hammering tools to the type of long rod, whether it is concrete, wood, etc. The weight of the long rod is related to the dimensions and materials, the condition of the soil, and the support from the plan that will be achieved.

If the pole is heavy or the dimension is large, then the punch must be large So that it will give energy when hit, it will give energy to the end of the long pole so that it can enter

The weight of this hammer is given as the least weight, the weight is half of the total weight of the long blade. What is influenced by the depth of the plan, this is the length of the blade, for example 0-15, it is usually recommended to compare the blade weight to the blade weight, it is one. The deeper it goes, the smaller it will be. But at least a little, at least half of the weight of the long blade.

The energy also must be taken into account Here it is given a little bit of 1 feet ponds or 0.1383 kgm for each pound of steel or 0.4536 kg Or the easier way, for example, the weight of concrete steel is 635 kgm for each 1 cubic meter of steel

Also, the selection is adjusted to the availability on the field, air pressure, moving space, slope from the pole, and social environment conditions. What is interesting is the social environment conditions. Sometimes in the location, for example in the middle of a dense settlement, there are people who are affected when we do

We have to pay attention to the sound of the fire, because if we use this tool, people will protest because of the noise and the noise, we can use other alternatives. But if we can't, we have to negotiate with the people. Maybe the sound of the fire can't be more than day or night, only from 7 am to 4 pm, for example.

this social aspect also needs to be noticed well, we discuss the type of hammer or hammer there are actually many but the red one is the

Usually or commonly we use it on the field. Well, this blue color may be used a lot outside, but I have never met it in Indonesia. Later, this vibratory is usually used for sheet pile or sheet metal. Well, we will discuss the drop hammer, diesel and hydraulic. What is the difference, what are the advantages and disadvantages?

This is the drop hammer, the simplest one, it's made of metal or concrete, it's heavy, lifted by a hose line, it's like this, a rod, then a wire is lifted, for example, this is lifted by a winch or a

It's called ladder or ladder to direct the drop hammer This later because it will be pulled up to a certain height then dropped or dropped so that it is about the long spearhead This is because the dynamism is quite large, it is lifted and then dropped, it is about the head The style is quite large, so the head must be given protection in the form of a cap or cushion

or shock absorber so that the dynamic load does not damage the long pole head. What are the advantages? The investment is quite cheap and widely used in small projects. House, living room, or 2-3 floors. If you use a long pole, the small size is 20 cm or 30 cm, using a drop hammer like this is still possible.

Then the operation is also simple, the energy can vary depending on the weight and the height of the fall Then the loss is slow because we have to raise, then we fall, we go down, we go up, we fall, and so on It can potentially damage if the height of the fall is too high The vibration is also quite large and disturbing in the surrounding environment Then this cannot be used for irrigation in the water

we see in the next type of long-range equipment, which is called diesel hammer this diesel hammer is quite a lot used in us

This is actually steam hammer that uses steam steam hammer does not require external power unlike steam boiler or steam power we must have steam generator to give pressure so that the hammer rises up and then falls down. Well, if it's a hammer, it's a diesel.

The separated parts are much simpler This is already complete, consisting of the vertical cylinder, the piston, then the floor The fuel is also included here, there is a sealant, etc. So this is the system, this diesel hammer When it falls, it will be like a kind of collapse And the collapse will burn the diesel fuel

This explosion will return the drop hammer to rise again So that it will fall again in terms of gravity, and then rise again So at first it was pulled by the operator, it was pulled up Then it fell, and as a result of this falling effect, it will crack the bottom of the diesel So that there will be a crack or explosion due to fuel

This explosion will make the hammer rise again It will go down again, rise again, and so on until it can hit the pole

The principle is actually faster and easier than the drop hammer, which had to be raised, then released, raised, released. Well, this is semi-automatic. When this tool can be used, when it can be used first, it will usually continue to hit the long pole. So the advantage is that it is more mobile and then the time is shorter, not like the drop hammer. Then it's economical.

The maintenance is also simple, then the energy of the blow can also be increased by increasing the explosion of the fuel we increase, it can explode more

so the energy is also greater but the speed at the time of the landing is low, this low is actually quite beneficial so we can monitor the pole, how many meters it enters, how many hits we can control the loss

It is difficult to determine or measure the energy of the blow because the piston height will be as I said earlier, it will rise in line with the explosion. Sometimes we can't control the explosion, maybe it rises 1.5 meters, sometimes it is 2 meters, depending on the height of the diesel hammer, so we can't control it. Then the hammer cannot be used in the soil condition. If the soil is soil, when it explodes first, the pole immediately enters.

If it directly enters, the crash will not return the rebound to the top because there is no resistance from the city, so it is quite difficult to use in the lunar land.

Also, the pollution of sound and air should be taken into account. This is quite disturbing the environment. Usually there is oil splashes, if the care is not good. There is air pollution, sometimes the color is black, because of the diesel explosion earlier. And also the sound is noisy. This must be taken into account. There is also a collector called hydraulic. Hydraulics tend to take advantage of hydraulic pressure from

It's a fluid, it can be from oil and so on. This efficiency is quite large, then the energy is transferred well to the long pole. Then the energy can also be measured because it is more controlled, more efficient than steam hammer or diesel hammer.

The way to work is to lift the ram by hydraulic pressure and then drop it freely. Later, it will be lifted again by hydraulic pressure and dropped freely. But the process can be faster. The Tinky Hammer can also be set to vary depending on the condition of the pole and the surrounding soil. This shape is like this, the bottom is more

the pollution is not as extreme as the diesel hammer and the sound, even though the system is still drop hammer, but the pollution or the noise and vibration is less than the drop hammer and diesel hammer. Well, there is another one that is very minimal vibration and minimal sound pollution, namely the hydraulic pile driver. Well, if this is

Different from the long pole, this one is still falling upwards, while the long pole is pressed So the way is to hold the long pole, and then press it down This can also be used to pull out, so if you pull it out, it will be held and pulled This can be done with a hydraulic pile driver, the capacity can be up to 140 tons

If it is more developed, it can reach 200-300 tons. The method of working is to hold the long pole, then press it within 3 feet or 1 meter until the stroke is finished or the guide bar is finished, then when it's finished, it goes up again.

press down again, so it's like just pressing down until the position or the depth is planned. The noise level is of course minimum and the vibration is also small and suitable for very limited locations, for example, the location is not wide or in a location close to a house or a dense neighborhood. But the note is that it is still very expensive for us to use this system compared to the hydraulic or diesel, so it is still rarely used digitally.

For the selection, what is it like? I will show you, for example, the case of a concrete steel bar, here there are diesel and hydraulic types, the hammer type earlier. If we pay attention here, the diameter of the bar is presented between 300 to 600 variations. If the system is single pile, it means without

connection, this can be used later, this specification K is here, we take it from Kobe, the abbreviation of Kobe, this K is the strength of the puncher in the unit of kilonewton, so if this K13 means around 13 kilonewton for 1.3 tons, so the weight is almost 1.3 tons, the bigger it is, usually for a

For example, 600 mm or 60 cm is usually used for 4.5 tons Even if it is a connection, because the connection is deeper, it can be up to 6 tons or up to 6.5 tons There is also a hydraulic one, which is also presented only here

S is striking energy in kilojoules so this can be adjusted if we want to use a long pole with a diameter of 60 cm approximately the depth is 40 meters we can use this because it is a jointed pile we can use 45 or 60 KB if we use hydraulic we can use 60 or 70 S we can use this

for the selection of the puncher. Now we continue, what if the extension is a horizontal bar? I said earlier that the horizontal bar should be vertical, if it is indeed a vertical bar. If indeed yesterday I presented there is a horizontal bar, which indeed the bar is extended horizontally to add horizontal stiffness,

This is called Butter Pell construction or in other words, it's called Rect Pell or Inclined Pell This is the technique of installing a pole by positioning the pole at a certain slope towards the vertical position Here divided into two, which are called Butter Pell, positive and negative positive if the slope direction, this beta angle

its slope is in the direction of its weight so if the pole is tilted there, there is a vertical weight there, this pole is slightly strong this is called positive betterpile, this is called negative betterpile where if the horizontal weight is against the angle of the pole, it is called negative betterpile

So I say that this better pile is used to support the lateral or horizontal force of a pole group If the vertical pole does not have strong support force as needed Because if it's vertical, it tends to

not strong enough to hold the horizontal style, so it can be treated with this better pile if the elevation is in the sea, in the middle of the sea or in the river, this can be used as a pontoon system and what you have to pay attention to is the strength or pontoon capacity and also the crane capacity

The crane must also be strong because it will be made in a slope Also, this position must be maintained by the pontoon so that it does not move left and right, usually raised So that when we run, it can be in the right position Well, if it's on the ground, it's usually easier because our crane is in a stable terrain Okay, I'll continue

There is also a term here called long pole with water jetting If the soil is sand and dense and we require the long pole to enter to a certain depth Usually because of the impact, it must enter to a certain depth

We can use it if we light it with ordinary light tools without modification Of course, the one who loses is usually the long material, it will crack, we force it if it is concrete This can be done with an alternative, namely water jetting So there is a pipe that is planted at the end of the long pole

and at the end there is a nozzle, which when we give pressure to the water, it will spray on the bottom with high strength so this is suitable for sand soil when it is sprayed, while we press it into the soil, the sand particles will self-select and then the pole will be able to enter

There is a note that it is effective in sand, not in clay or clay and clay Because clay is cohesive, so if sprayed like this, the particles will not be separated, but sometimes enter the nozzle If sand, it is still possible to be helped by water-chating systems Okay, I continue

I enter the long pole connection. This long pole connection needs to be explained because it is also very important related to integrity or

One of the units of the long pole, so the strength of the long pole is in one of them is the connection This connection, if the long pole is made of wood, can be done by using this metal strap Connected by using a kind of bar plate that will be bolted between the pole

One with the other, between left and right, can be used with this strapping. So this is united, if the wooden pole with a beam like this is much stronger.

This can be combined with a rope or a bolt that pierces between one and the other, this can also be stronger Also, if the stick is made of wood, the shoes need to be paid attention to Because if it is hit continuously, the bottom is not prepared, there will be damage Usually prepared is a shoe with a strong staff, if we still use wood

What is a concrete long pole? This is a concrete long pole. Usually, this is prepared from the factory for connection from

The long pole uses a cable, so there is already a plate here, both on the top of the long pole and on the bottom. Or the box is the same, the plate has been prepared, so we just have to do the alignment. What should be taken into account is that for this alignment, we usually use what is called here to direct so that it is precise with the help of the

or the spine, we will tag the weld or the last point later for him to give guidance or guidance when we place the long pole above it later when he is in position we will tag it back or we weld the point at the top so that it does not move then we do the welding at the location or at the place provided here

usually we do this welding in three layers if you learn to weld usually there is if we weld there is a stage 1 weld, stage 2 weld, next stage for example there is a weld connection there is a connection point for example the connection here usually the welding connection cannot be welded once

first fill sheet then second fill sheet then fill sheet usually we have 3 times of welding this must be noticed if we connect a long pole or another fill sheet how to control it?

the glass is filled with no cracks the method is with penetrant penetrant is a non-destructive test or non-destructive test to know

density level and no crack on the long-term weld joint this is the way, for example, our weld joint we clean it, then there is a penetrant, which is red, we spray it on our beam in the joint, we wait for it to be curing, like that, it's

If there is a crack, it will be absorbed there, but if not, it will only be on the surface. We will clean the excess. After that, we spray the white liquid, which is called the developer.

We spray it on the red penetrant We wait for the red penetrant to appear if there is a crack We mark the location of the penetrant, for example, there is a point here, it means that the cracks are not close Or if there is a circle and other cracks, there is a certainty

which we have to follow, for example, there is a linear defect, for example, there is a long-term error like this, if the length is 3 times the width and the size is more than 1.6 mm, then we have to fix this connection, if later circles appear, for example, with the size that we determine, we will also have to fix it later. This is one of the glass error inspections. There is also another way,

that we can use, we come back again, if the connection is a rod, of course if it's a rod, we usually use a piece of glass, this is good for HBIM, if HBIM usually uses assistance or we add a stiffener here or a confessor, both for the inside and the outside, if for tubular or round pole, we usually add a backing ring, or

additional plates to ease us when welding, so this is friends before we place the top connection, we first weld what was called the back ring, the additional ring is inside, later when this is done, we insert the pole above it, usually

we tack weld or we weld the point for a while so that it does not move, if so, we connect the pole this is also the same welding is three layers earlier, this tack weld is only for this weld point to connect temporarily but what is called weld like this is called boot weld, this is the three layers earlier that I explained, this is how we

we give the backing ring, then we insert the pole, we take weld, then we weld the three layers. This is the inspection, the other way besides the penetration is with radiographic and ultrasonic testing. So this is like in rongsen, using ultrasonic, which part is weak or does not show certain strength, it means there is a crack or welding weakness, that must be fixed.

After this, it will be re-painted to avoid corrosion. Okay, I continue. After connecting the pole and then the pole was widened to the depth of the plan, later at the end we will do what is called the long pole cutting. This is done if the long pole is too much and we need to throw it away because of the elevation of the pole or our pole.

The way is to cut the concrete with a saw or a cutting tool, then we will throw away the excess wood. But we must still maintain what is called

This is the pre-stress joint, we have to maintain a minimum of 1x diameter This is what we need to connect, so this is a pre-stressed wire, we need to maintain a minimum of 1D length We will connect this to our Pelcap joint, besides that we also have to insert an over-stack joint

The first stack is usually 1D and the height is 1-2D This is inserted into the hole of the long pole, then drilled This is called the long pole head This unites each single pole into one pel cap or one group of the pole group

There is a minimum requirement that was cut earlier, so if we cut here, for example, the head is removed, usually to get this metal, because this is a metal wire, it is drilled, this is drilled until the depth that is planned, this depth is required, we must have around 5-15 cm of the hole that goes into the hole.

our footing, we have to pay attention to this, friends, so it was cut then drilled, we left the 1D tension wire then we put 1-2D over stack we drill and later when we want to drill a pelcap or a we have to cut it, we have to leave the 1D tension wire 1D then we insert the over stack 1-2D we drill and later when we want to drill a pelcap or a we have to separate it around 5-15 cm, this is inserted into the

If the beehive is the same, the cutting is easier with a blender, we cut according to the plan. In this beehive there is a special feature, if it is in concrete, because the hardness is enough, in this beehive, to name the hardness, usually this beehive can be filled with sand.

Then there is also a concrete or bone concrete according to the needs of planning, what kind of construction is needed. On top of it, the same is given this over stack, this is to unite the pole with the pole, according to the needs of planning, the needs of the construction. What is needed. On top of it, the same is given this over stack, this is to unite the pole with the pole. What I said earlier, it can also be united between one pole and the other pole with H-beam or I-beam or with a C-channel.

to give more firmness between the other poles So, the other poles, besides the overstack that rises, are also united with the HBIM or UNP, the firmness between the other poles Then, on top of it, the footing or pour is given, then it is drilled

Okay, that was related to the implementation method of long pole foundation Now we will explore how the monitoring method or full control of long pole foundation About the long pole foundation that we plant on the field has not yet entered the planning Let's see this, friends

How to know the current support of the pole on the field? This can be done, the first is the static load test or static loading test How to do this? This is to know only the foundation of a single pole, so one pole This test will involve the giving of static load or pole load

and the measurement of the movement of the pole due to the weight usually the weight is given gradually so that the decrease can be observed the test weight is usually given twice the weight of the plan sometimes we don't observe the collapse on the field because the test does not fall

later what is called fall can be interpreted more continuously where if we give constant load, this pole will continue to fall, not stop so that's what is called fall later can be interpreted as ultimate support we can do this static load first with the Cantilage system, what is Cantilage? later we will see then it can be with a slope or slope to the ground

and the sampling number is at least 1 test pole and a maximum of 3 test poles per bridge so this long and expensive burden is usually only required in 1 bridge at least 1 test pole and sometimes now it is no longer used but used by other methods that are faster and cheaper

I gave an explanation about the candlelight system, so later we will test the pole, on top of it is given a fairly large burden Later here is given a damper, we will damper the weight so that later

this pole is pushed down so that later we can read between the weight and the descent of this pole so that we can calculate the support force this is an example on the field like this if this is a jangkar system so we have to make a jangkar

on the left and right side, it can be made a crack like this so that the load will be transferred to these joints this is the same principle, we give a hammer here, when hammered, it will give resistance to this pole this resistance, how much flexibility and the load we observe later we can see or calculate from the support like that, that's for static load

How about another way? Another way is with dynamic weight dynamic analysis file Why dynamic? Because the principle of testing is that the pole is hit with the hammer or hammer So that later there will be a hole And the hole is transferred along the pole and then turned back Later it will be caught by the accelerometer sensor and the tension sensor or strain gauge

This bubble is processed with software, signal matching analysis, so that it gets dynamic and static components So we can know the support from here The sampling can be about half to 2% of the total number of beams Or at least 1 beam in 1 beam group Usually if we want to measure 100 beams, if it's half to 2%, it means only 2 beams

But usually we require or at least in one pole group we take one that we do as a dynamic This is a requirement that must be met The procedure, later we install the sensor from the PDA earlier and the accelerometer Usually in the pole body with a distance of 1-2D from the tip of the pole or the head of the pole

later the sensor is installed in opposition, and then the dynamic load is given by dropping the hammer or drop hammer then the hold and the hole are measured, so the process is like this

We measure 1-2D to place the sensor, the sensor is installed in the opposite direction between the left and right Then connected to the device, this is the process when it is dropped by a hammer or a stick, it is recorded, the result is seen on the monitor and then analyzed with the matching signal

The result is that we can get a lot of parameters here One of them is the number of hits, the support force can also be obtained, for example here 490 tons We can split the support force, there are two, the support force due to the N-bearing and the support force due to the friction This can be known from the PDA test

Then there are various things, up to the decrease, the maximum decrease is how many millimetres Then there is the height of the fall of the shovel is also recorded, then the hit is how much, the integrity of the pole is how much, this is 100% means that the pole does not crack, and so on, you can see it later in the results of the dynamic weight test

The last is the simplest and most often done, which is the Calendering system. This is used because of our limitations in doing dynamic and static tests. Earlier, the requirements were only about 0.5-2% or 1 point per group of poles. This is related because

Because it is expensive to do statistical and dynamic tests, so it is usually equipped with a calendar test. This calendar is later for supplementary data or support data from the tests we have done.

Before doing calendaring, it is necessary to do a monitoring of the meter, the number of hits per meter, and the total number of hits. This must be presented together with the calendaring data. What is prepared is quite simple, only a speed doll, a block of paper, a slot tip to attach the paper to the long pole, and then wood to direct the speed doll.

The execution is done at the last 10 hits, that is when it is close to the final set. So the final set that was required earlier, I mentioned earlier, is about 1 in for the last 10 hits. Well, this is if the assumption is

designed in N-Bering, if in Friction, maybe this number will be much larger than 2.5, no problem The important thing is that we enter it into the formula, if the support is already included, it means it has been completed

The action is like this, friends. So this is the long pole, the tool is the block millimeter is placed here, attached with a slotted tip, then this is wood to help direct the spindle. When the pole is hit, it will give a graphic

The speedball goes up because of the rebound, then goes down again. This is a rebound, which means there is a bounce up and down. But there is a decrease problem, guys. Between the first and the second, there is a decrease problem. This is calculated during the 10 hits, the decrease value is calculated as S.

S is divided by the number of hits, if there are 10, for example, here the S is 290 mm divided by 10, it means it is about 2.9 cm. From the requirements, it didn't fit. The final set was 1 in, 2.5 to 3. If we take 2.5, it means it didn't fit. But maybe this pole is designed as a friction pole, we don't know. And what is meant by rebound here is this.

on average, when he is hit, then he goes up and down again, this is the value of the rebound or K

We can calculate this support power later using a formula that we often use, the formula is called Healy. Healy gives a similarity like this, where the support power capacity depends on the weight of the beam, then the length of the beam, the height of the beam fall. The S value is what we get from calendering, namely the long beam penetration at the final set.

And K is the rebound value or the balance for the last 10 measures, averaged And then there is the value of N is the restitution coefficient This is related to the decrease due to

For example, 0.4 to 0.5 is for steel, concrete, without a helmet or without a cap protector. If you use a wooden protection, it can be 0.3 to 0.4. Wooden can be 0.25 to 0.3.

Calendaring is the simplest way, cheap, but we can estimate the value of the support capacity and then we compare it with the result of PDA. Is it logical or not as a complement? Because not all of us can do PDA or static loading, the cheapest and easiest is with calendaring. So calendaring is a must.

done for all long poles installed on the field. Later we can calculate the amount of support from this value estimation. This is the basis of our mode control whether our long poles have met the criteria or not. Maybe that's my explanation about the implementation method and long pole control.