PENGANTAR ILMU SEJARAH (MATERI SBMPTN) || NEO EDUKASI

Hello everyone Avenue Historia

Back again with me Fatur and this time

we will learn history again

Well if it's been a long time we have

n't discussed the materials

in historical science, especially

in history lessons, well this time I

want to teach you again

starting from the introduction to historical science,

well in this lesson,

friends, we will discuss

about the history of martian, the definition of

history according to experts, elements in

history, the concept of history, ways of thinking,

methods in history and auxiliary sciences

in history, friends Well let

's start Ah from the beginning of

history, well one word or one

big question for us What is

history, we will be more confused, why is

there a true science of history,

what is it actually, right Well so

by definition the word history comes

from the Arabic word, namely syajaratun, which

means tree, in Arabic

history is called theory,

there is no workshop Thoriq in

Indonesian means time or

calendar, the word weapon is also more

suitable in Greek, namely Historia,

which means science or smart people and

then in English it becomes

history Well then there are also

other languages ​​that they Joni task size which

means it has happened in other words

history is a series of events

that have occurred in the past The past that

has been experienced by mankind ngerap

man history is an event that has

happened that has been experienced by

mankind then the definition of history according to

the first expert dra.ec herodotus

explains that history is a

study that tells the rise and fall of

society, national figures and civilization

and the development of history according to

herodotus is not something that

goes forward, play ups and downs

like a circle and the height and

low are determined by

age Well so herodotus he

explains that true is rotating,

rotating can be up or down, pleasure

Well next Nuril uep02b Ibn

Khaldun explains that history

is a record of the general

human society or human civilization that

has occurred in the character or nature of

society itself if according to

roeslan abdulgani he explains that

historical science is a branch of

science that systematically examines and

investigates the

entire development of society

and humanity in the past

along with events with the intention

of then critically assessing

all the results of the research

for the next which is used as a

guideline for assessing

and determining the current situation and the

direction of the process to the future we can

here it is as a guideline for assessing

and determining the current situation and ar

then the future so it is used as a

guideline for history friends then

younger brother understanding according to William Henry

Wheels He explains that history

emphasizes recording

only meaningful and important things for humans

so this history emphasizes

recording the occurrence or

important events that have

passed and the records include

human actions and experiences in the

past and on important things

so that it is a meaningful story

remember Hendri explained that

history is an event that is

very meaningful to fill then

we continue what are the characteristics of the minister of

history so there are three

skills history friends So the first

history is unique

Hi what is it since fast unique is still

unique because this historical event

only happens once and

cannot be repeated second

history is permanent meaning all

historical events will not change

or are permanent and will forever

be an event that will be

eternal that will be known by humans

third history is important

meaning is that historical events

have meaning or significance for humans

who study it well this is the characteristic

of history full continue Well so

there are elements in history that are banned

What are the elements of direct review that are

hit in themselves the

first there are humans as the

center of history itself in

other words humans also play a role as

figures which can determine various

kinds of events that will happen well

Therefore humans play a role as

historical objects that can determine what

will happen in history so

this human is included in the elements of history

Middle of this human can play a role as a

historical object that can determine the

story of history that is itself mythology

died then there is space well a

history of collapse is bound to a

certain space or place that refers to the

geographical aspect of geography itself

minjo human activities and events

that occur in the dimension of space with

Adobe elements or dimensions of space-time

space Sorry then it will provide an

understanding to the reader about the

events that historical events that

become ryota for example as

what fragrance like Borobudur Temple and

Prambanan Temple make Feby share hater get

space well it turns out there are places where

a historical event has occurred

so this outside is included in the

elements of history Then there are times this

is a very important element

with the concept of history Because history

discusses human activities in a

certain period of time what is meant by Turn

off the that is the time limits

Hi systematic which consists of the

beginning and end limits well like in history

we will also discuss later

about the elements of chapters and

periodization which are closely related to the

element of time delicious so remember yes

elements in a day there are humans

space and time in

in in history it also has

several concepts the first concept of

history as a science history as a

science has a prehistoric concept can

explain again various evidence of

Dimas's knowledge that angpau and

explain events in the

past in the past in your history

also has empirical characteristics that

have objects using theories and

have their own methods the function of

history is also inherent in the many

things that can be learned from

history both in terms of cultural science

civilization technology as well as philosophy and

other thoughts that is why

this history becomes a scientific concept

for mankind ya

friends next this history

has a concept as a

historical story has an important meaning in

human life ya friends

no exception with history as a

story what is meant is that history as a

story appears with various forms of

rising stories and narratives that can

rebuild the spirit of

past glory For example, Indonesia

at the time before independence

used narratives that

our nation Lebang Sayang was superior as

we know that there was Bang sama in the

Majapahit Sriwijaya Mataram Kingdom and

so on so it can emerge

narratives and stories that are very

interesting in history there is also a

past event that is

retold in the form of writing or

narrative as I explained earlier

then in The concept of history

also has history as art, history

as art, this is how the

process of studying human life

in the past ultimately

becomes an important lesson

for humanity in the

future, then history also involves art

which can make the reader

enter the story itself, well, have

you ever felt that if you

hear history or read historical stories

or even watch

Hai pacita, history, you

enter the story itself, such as

war stories or

post-independence stories or stories about

our founding fathers who at that time

carried out various struggles

such as Tan Malaka Soekarno and it

would be better if we also entered Nikita

also felt what happened and there

Well, so this is a concept where

so far it has become an art, history

also plays a role as a guide for humans

both in the past and the present

in creating various great works,

also like paintings, statues, dances

and performances Well, if we look

back, the difference is that

paintings, statues, dances, and even

performances are taken from

stories or historical stories

from the past, we take the concept of

singing, such as the painting of the Mona Lisa, the

statue of Michael Angelo and

so on, there are so many, so

this history is very closely associated with art,

respect

hello Hello, how is the way of thinking

in the history of the bumper of Pasjar? It has its

own paradigm way of thinking. So, there are

characteristics of thinking, so in

this history, oh, previously,

there were synchronic, diachronic, diachronic, and

periodization in the characteristics of thinking

synchronically. Synchronic means

that we think broadly in

space but limited in time. Well,

as an example, we can see mint

in the period when the nuances of the Proclamation of

Indonesian Independence began at the

beginning. Our founding fathers

discussed the basic concept of

the proclamation, then it was read by President

Sukarno, former President Sukarno,

and continued with the raising of the

red and white flag. So the point is that

this synchronic way of thinking is broad

in free time but limited in

time. Well, as an example, here we

can know about the situation and atmosphere

in Jakarta when

the Proclamation of Independence on August 17, 1945, to

be clear, they were discussing

the concept first, then it was read by

Engineer Sukarno, and in the end, the

red and white flag was raised.

Well, continuing with both of them, there is

diachronic thinking, we can think in

layers. This diachronic etymologically

comes from Greek, namely dia and

kronos, silent, meaning to pass or

pass by. chronos means the sale of

time thus Iron Man we can

define diachronic for events

whose process passes through the passage of

time because the subject in history is

related to everything in the

perspective of time The point is that if it is

diachronic it expands in space

but narrows in time as an

example we can see a case

in World War II where at

this time Germany began to invade

Poland

and began to conquer France and

continued on December 7, 1941 when

Japan attacked Pearl Harbor and

finally on August 6 and 9, 1945,

atomic bombs were dropped by America on the

cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki So

we can see this diachronic concept, it

expands in time but narrows

in space, different from synchronic

if synchronic here is clear yes it

expands in space but is limited in

time while diachronic is

expanding in time but is limited in

space well diachronic thinking also means

thinking chronologically with the order of

adhering to something So if chronological

is as a record of events

that are ordered according to the time of occurrence

such as Germany starting with invading

Poland and France then

continued with the bombing of

Pearl Harbor by Japan and in

the end it was done

Hey bombing of two big cities by the

United States, namely Hiroshima and

Nagasaki, well chronology in

historical events can help reconstruct the

reconstruction of a

historical event based on the

sequence and the right time besides that it

can also help compare

historical events in the

same time in different places

related to the nyanmar event, well

the last one is periodization, well

what is this periodization Well periodization

or chaptering is steam is

one of the processes of structuring time in

history by dividing it into several

chapters as an example of this series period

is used to chapter

or group time based on the

era Well we can here there is a period of

chaptering Indonesia in the Hindu and

Buddhist era then continued with the

periodization in the

Evoque era then continued

with the era of the revolution for independence Well

because of this, we can review

past events

as a whole in the

political economy, economic, religious, social, and

even cultural systems, friends, so we can

see this How the political

-economic system of the Hindu-Buddhist era

progressed, recommended by the

VOC occupation era Was this political and

economic system more advanced than the

Hindu-Buddhist era and so on so we

can understand this thoroughly How the

system politics, both political economy,

trust, we can know and know

the divisions, also the divisions, well,

we will also be able to

compare which one is

better in this era, you know, continue, well,

in history, it also has

its methodology, the first place

is heuristics Well, what is heuristics,

eristic literally comes from

Greek, namely Hai racing, which

means to obtain or get born,

this is the stage of collecting

historical sources in glue, but

also researchers collect

data evidence related to the

topics they want to search for or

research topics they want to study, well,

this heuristic is the first method

carried out in historical research, at

this stage, historical researchers search for

and find the historical sources

needed, so this route travel is

the stage of collecting delicious data, after the

data collection stage is complete, continue

with Heroes, the theme of Adi Heri MF,

this diuretic, there are two sources, friends,

there are primary sources that come directly

from historical actors, which can be in

the form of inscriptions, manuscripts, and

personal documents like this, or Man, there are

secondary sources, namely sources that do not come

from historical actors themselves,

such as research notebooks and

scientific journals,

The Master, ah, eristic, there is a V2 method,

namely verification, verification, this is

proof of sources that

have been collected in the previous stage

in the process requires a mathematical critical attitude

towards all sources that

have been buried previously

this verification aims to increase

the accuracy and truth regarding

something sought in history

this verification activity can also prove the

authenticity or counted

historical sources both from written documents and

historical actors sing Ahmad Well

after verification will

be done interpretation of this interpretation

there are two here there is interpreted interpretation

this there is eh sorry this is still in the

criticism Sorry yes friends this This is a

typo so there are two

criticisms this criticism there is internal criticism and

external criticism if in internal criticism

this criticism means verified or Man

verification this = a

criticism

Hi so there is internal criticism and

external criticism So quiet this internal criticism he

this is testing the credibility of the source

both through information UC

informants and checking missing information

between informants well while if

external criticism he emphasizes the

aspects of accuracy and authenticity as well as

colorizing Ellen data obtained

personally data obtained

such as proving the authenticity of a

painting Statue or document historical actors

so it is different if this tests the

informant while if this is

evidence and originality of the data

and next is

historiography historiography this is the

stage The last in history is

done by rewriting

a historical event that has been

researched previously. This process is done

after historical researchers have finished

researching something in

history. Researchers are

required to use

good and correct theories and methodologies for writing history.

Not carelessly in providing

research results that are watched, not

because in the end

this will become a new understanding

of history. So it should not be

careless in interpreting

history and rewriting

history. Then there are several auxiliary sciences

in history, but the first is

anthropology, there is a science that

studies aspects of community life

and culture, archeology as a science

that studies humans and cultures

in the past, such as ancient tools,

then there is iconography, where

this science studies things like

relief statues and statues and rap holes that

contain symbols, yes,

friends, if you find numismatics, it is

about the science that studies

money, yes, friends, such as

Dali's building records and primitive money,

for example, Ika money, Japanese money, Dutch money, this is

discussed in this auxiliary science of

numismatics, my friend, then

DN nology, which is the science that studies the

formation of culture and traditions.

And then there is paleontology,

paleontology, that is the science that studies

ancient animals and plants through post-

analysis. fossils there are epigraphy

which is the study of certain

ceramology the science that studies

historical objects and ceramics and geology

which is the science that studies the

layers of the earth and philology which is the science

that studies the language and

culture of the historical institutions of a nation

so that's it friends we have

finished discussing again the

basic concepts of historical science so this historical science

turns out to have a meaning and also

has elements have concepts have ways of

thinking and methodology and

supporting sciences n friends Well if friends

here have questions or criticisms and

suggestions please

comment below and don't forget to

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okay I'm a factor from ne Historia and

see you in the next episode by

Avenue sejarah