0:00
Hello Assalamualaikum Hello little brothers and sisters
0:02
meet again with Brother on the
0:04
kinematics channel in this video we will
0:07
learn about atomic stability so
0:11
every atom will try to
0:14
achieve stability well Then what are the
0:16
stability criteria for atoms
0:19
said to be stable if they have an
0:22
electron configuration like the
0:24
electron configuration of noble gases or group 8A
0:28
why is the noble gas group called stable well
0:30
all the subshells are filled with
0:34
electrons well the tendency of atoms
0:36
to have electron configurations
0:38
like noble gases is called the
0:41
duplet rule and the octet rule the duplet rule
0:44
means that atoms tend to have
0:47
electron configurations like helium
0:49
which has two valence electrons
0:51
while the octet rule means that atoms
0:55
tend to have electron configurations
0:57
like other noble gases such as
1:00
argon Krypton Xenon and radon which
1:04
have valence electrons namely 81
1:07
How to distinguish atoms that
1:09
will follow the duplet rule or that
1:11
will follow the octet rule for
1:14
atoms that have 5 electrons or
1:16
less than 5 meaning those with atomic numbers
1:19
1-5 yes Well These atoms will tend
1:23
to follow the duplet rule while
1:28
than five electrons will tend to follow the
1:31
octet rule Okay, understand, now let's
1:34
continue How do atoms achieve
1:39
There are two ways to achieve stability, either by releasing
1:42
their valence electrons or
1:45
by accepting electrons until their
1:47
valence electrons become a ducklett
1:49
or octet. Then, how do you
1:52
distinguish atoms that tend to
1:54
release electrons from atoms
1:56
that tend to accept electrons? Atoms that
1:59
release electrons are
2:00
usually metals, meaning they
2:03
are in groups 1A to 3A, meaning
2:06
atoms that have 1-3 valence electrons,
2:09
while atoms that accept
2:12
electrons are usually non-metals,
2:15
meaning groups 4A to 7A
2:19
or those that have 4-7 valence electrons.
2:24
If they release electrons, they will
2:26
form positive ions or what are
2:29
also called cations, while if an atom
2:32
accepts electrons, they will form
2:34
negative ions or what are also called anions.
2:37
Okay, let's go straight to the example, for example, there is
2:40
ato Melly whose atomic number is three,
2:42
meaning the number of electrons is also three,
2:45
meaning that to be stable, Eli must follow the
2:49
duplet rule. How do we
2:52
make the electron configuration first, namely
2:55
21 we see the valence electrons is
3:00
that means the RI atom must release
3:03
electrons as many as its valence electrons,
3:05
namely one, so that it forms an ion LED
3:10
Flash means its electron configuration
3:12
is two then the second example is
3:15
regret B which has atomic number 4 because it has
3:19
atomic number pad, meaning this B will
3:21
follow the duplet rule, namely its
3:24
valence electrons are two Okay, let's make the
3:26
electron configuration first 22 Well, look at
3:30
Beb's valence electrons, there are already two. Is
3:33
he already a duplet yet? Ducklett
3:36
must be the same as helium. Well, how does
3:39
DS make it the same as helium?
3:43
Because its valence electrons are two, it means that
3:45
bye must also release electrons, namely
3:48
as many as its valence electrons, so that it
3:51
forms a be2 + ion. The next example is
3:55
Al, whose atomic number is 13, we make a
4:00
namely 283. We see that atomistically
4:05
it has three valence electrons, meaning
4:08
KL must also release electrons, namely
4:11
three electrons, so that it becomes an
4:17
electron configuration is 28. Well, this means this is
4:20
an octet, right? The next example is
4:23
atom X, whose atomic number is 16,
4:27
its electron configuration means 286. How can
4:31
atom S be stable because it has
4:34
6 valence electrons, so atom S must
4:38
accept electrons until
4:41
its valence electrons become an octet or 8k see
4:44
here the valence electrons are already 6
4:47
meaning es needs Two more electrons to
4:50
become eight meaning accepting Two
4:53
electrons yes means the S atom forms the
4:57
S2 mint ion whose electron configuration
5:00
is 288 Okay Understand, let's try
5:05
another example, for example the CL atom with
5:08
atomic number 17 the electron configuration
5:15
valence electrons are 7 meaning the CL atom
5:19
must accept electrons so that
5:22
its valence electrons become eight die accept
5:24
one electron yes So the CL atom
5:27
becomes the CL Min ion which has an
5:30
electron configuration of 2 8 8 Okay, you
5:34
understand now Ken first for
5:36
this video, thank you, peace be upon you
5:39
warahmatullahi wabarokatuh
