POSISI STRATEGIS INDONESIA DAN POTENSI SUMBER DAYA ALAM #geography #education #kurikulummerdeka

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Hello everyone, peace be upon you,

warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. How are you?

Hopefully you are in good health, of course,

in this video we will discuss the

geography material for grade 11 semester 1,

namely about Indonesia's strategic position

and the potential of Indonesia's natural resources

and in this video we will

discuss some materials related

to strategic positions and

natural resources. The first is Indonesia's location

astronomically, Indonesia's location

geographically, Indonesia's location

geologically, the definition and classification of

natural resources, the potential and distribution of

natural resources, to the

sustainable management of natural resources and

their problems. Well, before going into

the discussion, what is the purpose of

this learning video? After

you have watched and studied

this video, you are expected to be able to describe

Indonesia's location astronomically,

geographically and geologically, to its

impact on Indonesia. Then it is

hoped that you will be able to

describe the definition and

classification of natural resources,

describe the potential and distribution of

Indonesia's natural resources, and be able to

analyze the

sustainable management of natural resources and

their problems. Well, let's go straight to the

first discussion, namely

Indonesia's location astronomically and did

you know that astronomical location is also

called Absolute location. Why is

that because Absolute location Where

is this Absolute location? The location or

location is seen from the

latitude and longitude and has a

fixed nature and cannot

move because it is guided by the

name of latitude and

longitude, well astronomically Indonesia is

located between latitude

and longitude, yes Where the latitude of

Indonesia is between 6 degrees

North Latitude and 11 degrees

South Latitude then Indonesia is also located

between 95 degrees East Longitude to

141 East Longitude then what is the impact

on Indonesia of course

this latitude Rat is related to

climate change where Indonesia is crossed by

0 degrees latitude or can be

called the Equator Well because

Indonesia is on the

Equator which causes Indonesia to

have a

tropical climate then what is the impact of the tropical climate

itself for Indonesia, firstly

Indonesia has

tropical rainforests of course then Indonesia

has high rainfall

then the temperature and humidity are

high until Indonesia has

sunlight that lasts

all year round so the latitude is

very closely related to the

climate conditions in Indonesia then

besides the climate of course it also has a big

influence on

other cycles the first is that

tropical rainforests have a role

in the sustainability The natural cycle is

also related to the

energy cycle. What is it because through the

food chain process to maintain

the balance of the ecosystem, then the

water cycle where this water cycle

controls water and maintains the

availability of water on the surface, then the

carbon and oxygen cycle through the process of

photosynthesis to the Nitrogen Cycle

where this nitrogen is a

biochemical cycle that plays a role in maintaining the

availability of nitrate to fertilize

the soil. Well, we have discussed

latitude. Now we will

discuss longitude in

Indonesia and did you know that

this longitude is closely related to

the division of time zones as you

already know that Indonesia

has three time zones, namely

western Indonesian time, central Indonesia,

and eastern Indonesia,

where each time zone has a

time difference of 1 hour. We will take the

example of WIB which consists of Sumatra,

Java, and western Kalimantan,

for example, at that time it was still 00

am for the WITA area starting from Bali

and its surroundings, it was already 00 am

for eastern Indonesian time,

Maluku and Papua, it was already

00 am, so the comparison of WIB WITA

and WIT is each 1 hour, 00

WIB, 00 WITA,

00 WIT or eastern Indonesian time,

so That is the influence of

longitude on

Indonesia then we will discuss the

geographical location of Indonesia

If earlier it was

astronomically, yes, it was visible to the naked eye, yes, the

astronomical imaginary line is very

different from the geographical location of Indonesia

where this geographical location

can be seen directly

Based on the

actual situation where Indonesia itself is

located between two continents and two

oceans Well for the Indonesian continent it is

between the Asian continent and the

Australian continent for the Indonesian ocean it is

also between the Pacific Ocean

and the Indian Ocean thus

making Indonesia a

very strategic country of course and

because Indonesia is a

very strategic area it has many

impacts or influences One of them is

based on the geographical location of

Indonesia, it experiences the impact of the

west monsoon wind and the east monsoon wind

where the west monsoon wind causes the

rainy season while the east monsoon wind

causes the dry season and each

monsoon is included in the type of

periodic wind because it occurs every 6

months

then what is the impact of this periodic wind

Of course in Indonesia it experiences a

rainy season which lasts from

October to April While for the

dry season it lasts from

April to October then the influence of

geographical location for Indonesia itself

in the world's constellation transport pattern

that Indonesia is located in the

crossroads of

international trade and shipping traffic, precisely

in the Strait of Malacca as the busiest Strait

in the world, according to the

Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 34

of 2002 concerning the

2021-225 maritime policy action plan,

Indonesia has a vision of becoming a

maritime country that makes a

positive contribution to the world. Then

there are 10 targets of

Indonesia's maritime policy mission, the first is the

optimal and sustainable management of marine resources, the

development of reliable human resources in

marine science and technology,

then the development of

strong defense and security, the

implementation of the enforcement of legal sovereignty

and safety at sea, then the

implementation of good maritime governance,

then the realization of the welfare of

coastal communities and small islands

that are evenly distributed, the

realization of increased

economic growth and competitive maritime industry, the

development of

reliable marine infrastructure, the completion of

regulations on marine spatial planning until the

implementation of maritime diplomacy. Well, those were the

10 targets of Indonesia's maritime policy mission,

then we will discuss the

geological location of Indonesia,

geology is the location of a country

based on the state of the rock structure that makes up the

earth's layers and did

you know that Indonesia is located

at the meeting of three world plates, namely the

Eurasian plate, the Indo-Australian plate

and the oceanic plate, namely

Pacific plate So two continental plates and one

oceanic plate then what is the

cause How come Indonesia is

located between two continental plate meetings

and one oceanic plate this is

because the structure of the earth

consists of the continental crust and

oceanic crust or on the outermost layer Well

with the existence of the continental crust and

oceanic crust floating on

hot fluid called the asthenosphere this

causes the continental crust and

oceanic crust to move in all directions

so that tectonic

and

volcanism events occur then what is the impact of the

shifting of the continental and oceanic crusts

the first is the occurrence of

faults where these faults occur in the

meeting area of ​​the earth's plates that

collide or rub against each other Well

examples of faults in Indonesia,

the first is the Lembang fault

which is located north of

Bandung City then there is the Semangko fault

located on the island of Sumatra which

stretches from Aceh to

Semangka Bay in Lampung and the Palukoro fault

located in Central Sulawesi well

besides faults Indonesia is also crossed

by two young mountain ranges This is what

causes Indonesia to have a

lot of volcanoes and because there are

quite a lot of volcanoes in Indonesia

it causes the area

around this volcano

to have fertile soil so it is

very suitable for the agricultural sector

well besides the proverb there are also

folded mountains why because

tectonic pressure also causes the formation of

folded mountains Why folds

because these folds occur due to

continuous

but slow plate shifts with a

wide area position while the occurrence of

faults is the occurrence of

rapid movement with a narrow area

Well with the existence of these folded mountains

occurs because of the collision between the

earth's crust which causes the elastic layer of the earth to

change into wrinkled folds

and causes the reliefs of the

earth's surface to form folded mountains well the

impact of the folds is

the first is that the surface of the earth

has differences in height yes

the surface of the earth such as there are Valleys

Hills mountains and beaches this is very

different from the faults that

we have discussed before If

this fault is closely related to

tectonics and volcanics in contrast to

folds, namely there are different heights and lows of the

land surface and

this is very closely related to

topography well the influence of Indonesia's geological location is

also closely related to the

intensity of earthquakes Why is

that because

95% of earthquakes in Indonesia are

caused by the movement of

tectonic plates and if we flashback or

return to the material of grade 10 that

this earthquake is very much yes

the cause There are volcanic tectonic

collapse and meteor and for

Indonesia

95% of it is caused by the movement of

tectonic plates and based on

BMKG data in the period 2009 to 2019

or a period of 10 years recorded

71,628 earthquake events then

we will discuss the definition of

natural resources and did you know that

natural resources are

very important for

human survival and according to the

Republic of Indonesia Law Number

32 of 2009 that all elements of the

environment that form a unified

ecosystem include

biological and non-

biological natural resources well then we will discuss the

classification of

natural resources first natural resources

themselves are divided based on the

first is the nature of

their preservation then based on

their type then based

on their use first we will

discuss natural resources first

based on their sustainability

where for the nature of their sustainability is

divided into two namely

renewable natural resources and

non-renewable natural resources

for renewable natural resources

are natural resources

that have the ability to regenerate

in a relatively short period of time

while non-renewable natural resources

are sources

physical natural resources that will run out and are no

longer available after being used

for a certain period of time then

we will discuss examples of

renewable natural resources

for example the first is water

then sunlight this is an

example of renewable natural resources

Well for examples of

non-renewable natural resources

the first is coal Then

the second is petroleum well

then we discuss this based

on the type there is something called

abiotic resources biotic natural resources

where abiotic or abiotic resources

are inanimate resources

but are very useful for life

well then biotic natural resources

where physical natural resources in the form of

plants and animals Well we will

discuss examples here for abiotic

itself there is air soil and water these are

all inanimate objects that are very

useful for

human survival for examples of

biotic natural resources here there are agriculture livestock

and

forests well then we will discuss

natural resources here based on

their use first there are

material natural resources energy natural resources

and space natural resources where

these material natural resources can be

utilized in their physical form

Then for energy natural resources

this is a natural resource that can be

utilized its energy then

space natural resources of course

its space is utilized or

its spatial form Well for examples of

natural resources of material For example like wood

and gold then examples of

natural resources of energy that are utilized

are energy from

sunlight and energy from geothermal energy

examples of natural resources of space are

land because the land can be utilized

according to

human needs then we will discuss the

potential of natural resources in

Indonesia where the potential of

natural resources in Indonesia is very much yes

very potential yes Where the

first potential is the potential of

forestry tourism mining and

marine potential well first we will

discuss first about forestry

itself forest is a unity of

ecosystem in the form of a stretch of land

containing biological natural resources

dominated by trees in the

natural environment association that is

one with another and cannot be

separated according to the law of the

Republic of Indonesia number 41 of

1999 then forests are divided into

several types there are tropical rainforests

seasonal forests mountain rainforests and

savanna forests then there are moss forests peat forests swamp forests

and

mangruf forests well forests based on their function

the first is conservation forests

then there are protected forests and

production forests well then we will discuss

production forests first where

this production forest consists of

swakalam areas one of Swakamargaatwa

or for the Swakamarga Satwa and

nature reserve What is the difference between Swakamarga

Satwa and nature reserve Well, it is

very easy to distinguish based

on the nickname, namely Swaka Margaatwa,

which is a forest area

used to protect Pal Satwa

as its main purpose Then for

nature reserves, of course, to maintain the

preservation of nature, then there are hunting parks, namely

parks for hunting, then

nature conservation areas, namely Examples

such as National Parks, grand forest parks

and

tourist parks Well, then we will discuss

about conservation forests where

this conservation forest is a forest consisting

of limited production forests,

conservation production forests and permanent production forests Well,

then we will discuss

about mining, so what is

mining, so mining is the

activity of extracting valuable material deposits

from the earth's crust, either

mechanically or manually on the

surface of the earth below the surface of the earth

and below sea level Well, according to

the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number

11 of

1967, these mining materials are divided into

three groups, the first mining material

is group A, where

these mining materials are very strategic to be

maintained or to guarantee the

country's economy cannot be replaced.

Examples include petroleum, natural gas,

coal, nickel, white tin and uranium,

while class B mining materials are

mining materials vital that can guarantee the

livelihood of many people such as gold,

silver, iron, and copper. Well, for

mining materials that are not included in the

mining materials of class A or class B,

for example, salt, sand, marble,

limestone, clay, and asbestos are

included in the

mining materials of type C. Well,

then we will discuss about the

marine, so for the marine itself,

this is included in the category of

marine resource potential in Indonesia which is

included in renewable

and non-renewable resources. Well, why is

that? For example, for

renewable resources in the sea, the first

is fisheries, coral reefs,

mangroves, and seagrass. Well, for examples of

non-renewable resources

in the sea, there are petroleum,

precious metals, natural gas, and sea sand, which are

included in the category of

non-renewable natural resources in

the sea. Well, then we will discuss

about tourism itself, where

according to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia

Number 10 of 2009,

tourism is a type of

tourism activity and is supported as F

facilities and services provided

by the community, businessmen, government, and

local governments. Well, the

first example of tourism potential is

natural tourism, cultural tourism, and

artificial tourism. The difference is that natural tourism

is tourism that utilizes the potential of natural

resources. The nature is both

natural and managed Then

for cultural tourism, this is

tourism that is carried out to

learn the customs, culture,

habits and arts and for

artificial tourism, it is tourism that is

carried out by utilizing

man-made tourist attractions, then

we will discuss about

sustainable natural resource management Well, what does this mean

sustainable, so

sustainable natural resource management is the

management of natural resources that is

directed to meet the needs

in achieving the welfare of the

current generation without sacrificing

future generations, so it is sustainable

and for sustainable natural resource management

and its problems are

divided into several principles of

sustainable development, the first

is the principle of justice, then the principle of

justice in a generation, then the

principle of early prevention, the principle of

biodiversity protection, and the

principle of internalization of environmental costs

and intensive mechanisms, these are the

principles contained in

sustainable development, first, we will

discuss forestry from

sustainable development itself, where

the management of forestry natural resources

with sustainable principles can be

carried out with efforts such as

reforestation, Kebang pilih, and reh

habilitas hutan So, maintaining the forest

even though we are using it now,

this forest can also still be

used in the present and in the

future Well, then from

agriculture itself, where

the management of agricultural resources with

sustainable principles can be

done with efforts such as

organic agricultural crop rotation and

agroforestry. Well, for mining

itself, in the field of

sustainable development, with

sustainable principles, it can be done with

efforts such as reducing the

use of fossil energy sources, it can

develop environmentally friendly energy sources.

Then for the industry

itself, where the management of

industrial resources with

sustainable principles can be done

with various efforts such as

applying the principles of green industry.

Well, for tourism itself,

the management of tourism resources

with sustainable principles can be

done with efforts such as

avoiding tourism activities from

excessive use of natural resources,

so utilizing

this tourism should not be excessive

but still maintain

environmental sustainability. Then, from the

marine aspect, there are various efforts

that can be done

using sustainable principles. The

first is like not using

explosives in catching fish and the

second is making spawning areas

or swiping grounds. So that's

our discussion this time about the location of

Indonesia astronomically, geographically,

geologically, then natural resources

based on their types or

classifications, up to

sustainable development. Well, I hope this video is

useful and see you again in the

next videos. Thank you, wasalamualaikum

warahmatullahi

wabarakatuh

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