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BADAN USAHA DALAM PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA - MATERI EKONOMI KURIKULUM MERDEKA - BUMN, BUMD DAN BUMS

8:07406 summary words · ~2 min readEnglishBy Aji SuhendraTranscribed Jul 29, 2026

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Summary

The video explains Indonesia's state-owned enterprises (BUMN), regional-owned enterprises (BUMD), and private-owned enterprises (BUMS), their ownership structures, objectives, and roles in the economy.

Understanding these entities clarifies how Indonesia's economic policies are implemented and how different sectors contribute to national development.

Section summaries

Intro / Sponsor

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The video opens with an introduction to the economics curriculum, defining BUMN, BUMD, and BUMS as key business entities. It outlines the structure of state-owned enterprises, regional enterprises, and private businesses, setting the stage for detailed explanations of each category.

BUMN, BUMD, and BUMS are Indonesia's three main business entities.
The video focuses on ownership structures and economic roles.

Intro provides context but lacks unique insights.

BUMN and Persero Explained

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The speaker details BUMN (100% state-owned) and Persero (51%+ state-owned) companies, their capital structures, and examples like Perum Damri (transport) and PT PLN (energy). It contrasts their objectives: BUMN prioritize public service, while Persero focus on profit.

BUMN serve public interest with full state ownership.
Persero allow private participation while maintaining state control.

Core content on state-owned enterprises.

BUMD and Regional Examples

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BUMD are regionally owned enterprises (e.g., PT Jamkrida in West Kalimantan) aimed at local economic development. Examples include clean water providers and financial services tailored to regional needs.

BUMD address regional economic disparities.
Examples include PT Bank Kalbar and PDAM Tirta.

Critical for understanding regional economic strategies.

Private Enterprises Overview

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Private enterprises (BUMS) include sole proprietorships, partnerships, CVs, and PTs. Examples like Indofood and Samsung illustrate their role in sectors like food, tech, and telecom. Legal requirements for PTs (notary deeds, government approval) are emphasized.

Private enterprises drive innovation but lack state oversight.
PTs require formal legal registration.

Useful for private business context but less critical than state entities.

Key points

BUMN Structure and Purpose — BUMN are state-owned companies with 100% state capital, focused on public service and profit, such as Perum Pegadaian and Perum Damri.
Persero vs. Perum — Persero are state-owned limited liability companies with ≥51% government shares, prioritizing profit in sectors like banking (BNI, BRI) and energy (Pertamina).
BUMD Regional Focus — BUMD are regionally owned enterprises (e.g., PT Jamkrida in West Kalimantan) aimed at local economic development and community needs.
Private Enterprise Forms — Private enterprises include sole proprietorships, partnerships, CVs, and PTs, with examples like Indofood and Samsung operating across sectors.

“Perum is fully owned by the state, while Persero has at least 51% state ownership.” — Narrator

“BUMD aims to provide quality goods or services to fulfill community needs.” — Narrator

AI-generated from the transcript. May contain errors.

0:00

Hello, peace be upon

0:02

you, back to the

0:05

economics material of the independent curriculum in phase F,

0:08

namely in the language of

0:09

BUMN BUMD and BUMS which is material

0:14

in class 11

0:16

as in the previous discussion,

0:19

business entities based on ownership are divided

0:22

into 3, namely BUMN

0:25

BUMD and also BUMS

0:30

State-Owned Enterprises or BUMN

0:33

are business entities whose capital is wholly or

0:36

partly owned by the state

0:39

through direct participation

0:42

originating from state assets

0:44

separated according to law number

0:47

19 of 2003 article 9 the form of

0:51

BUMN companies is divided into two, namely

0:54

public companies and limited liability companies

1:00

[Music]

1:01

public companies or commonly known

1:04

as Perum are state-owned companies whose

1:06

100% capital is owned by the

1:09

state originating from separated state assets

1:12

Engaged in the field of

1:15

service production or other economic fields

1:18

with the main objective of

1:20

serving the public interest while

1:23

seeking profit,

1:26

for example from Perum itself, there is

1:29

Perum Pegadaian which is engaged in

1:31

financial services in the form of Pegadaian then

1:34

there is Perum Damri which is engaged in

1:37

land transportation there is also Perum Peruri

1:40

in the field of rupiah space printing Perum

1:43

Bulog which engaged in the logistics sector

1:45

Perumnas which is engaged in

1:47

decent housing for the

1:49

lower middle class then there is Perum

1:52

Perhutani which manages

1:54

state forest resources on the island of Java and also

1:56

Madura

1:57

[Music] limited

2:01

liability company limited liability company

2:03

or Persero is a

2:06

state company whose capital or shares are at

2:09

least

2:09

51% owned by the government in

2:13

other words, most of the capital is

2:15

owned by the government Persero

2:18

is engaged in the production sector with

2:20

the aim of obtaining profits or benefits

2:24

examples of limited liability companies are

2:26

PT PLN Pertamina Bank BNI bank BRI

2:32

Pelindo Jasa Marga Telkom Indonesia

2:37

PT Pos Indonesia PT Kereta Api Indonesia

2:40

and PT Krakatau Steel

2:44

so we can conclude the difference between

2:48

Perum and Persero first in

2:51

capital if Perum is fully owned by

2:54

the state if Persero the capital is at least 51%

2:58

owned by the state while the rest can be

3:00

owned by national or foreign private companies

3:02

in the purpose of

3:04

Perum has the aim of providing

3:07

public services while Persero's

3:10

main purpose is to seek

3:12

profits

3:13

in the service sector Perum

3:16

serves vital service sectors for the

3:19

community while Persero can do

3:21

various businesses widely for

3:24

employee status Perum employees have the

3:28

status as state company employees

3:30

while Persero as private employees

3:34

[Music]

3:37

business entity Regionally owned

3:39

BUMD is a business entity whose

3:43

capital is wholly or mostly owned

3:45

by the region.

3:46

BUMD was established with the aim of

3:49

providing benefits for the development of the

3:51

regional economy in general,

3:54

organizing public benefits in the form of

3:57

providing quality goods or services

4:00

to fulfill the needs of the community

4:02

in accordance with the conditions, characteristics and

4:05

potential of the region concerned

4:07

based on good corporate governance.

4:12

The examples of regionally owned enterprises

4:14

in the West Kalimantan region

4:17

are the first PT Jamkrida which

4:20

is a business activity in the field of

4:22

business credit guarantees for small and

4:25

medium enterprises and cooperatives or MSMEs. PT Bank

4:31

Kalbar is engaged in financial services

4:33

in the form of virus banks and various businesses in

4:36

the Province of West Kalimantan. Then in the

4:39

regionally owned enterprises in

4:41

Pontianak City there is PDAM Tirta

4:43

Khatulistiwa which is a BUMD

4:46

engaged in clean water.

4:50

Privately Owned Enterprises in Indonesia

4:54

there are various types of Privately Owned Enterprises,

4:56

all of which have a

4:59

fairly important role in the

5:00

Indonesian economy. This business entity has all

5:03

its capital owned by the private sector, either

5:06

individually or in partnerships. The

5:12

first form of privately owned business entity is a sole proprietorship. A

5:15

sole proprietorship is a

5:18

form of business entity that is only established

5:21

by one person, the model is also from one

5:24

person who simultaneously leads and is

5:26

responsible for all work

5:29

with the aim of getting The

5:33

second advantage is that there is a firm, a firm is

5:37

an association of two or more people to

5:39

establish and run a

5:41

company under a joint name and

5:44

each partner or member

5:46

has the same responsibility

5:48

for the company, the

5:50

partner's responsibility is unlimited so that there is no

5:53

separation between company assets and

5:56

personal assets or

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if the company suffers a loss,

6:00

all personal assets can be

6:03

guaranteed to cover the loss. The

6:07

third form of firm is a

6:10

limited partnership or what we usually know

6:13

as a CV, which is an association of two

6:16

or more people to establish a business where

6:19

one or several people as partners

6:22

only contribute capital and

6:25

other partners run the company so

6:28

in a limited partnership there are two known

6:31

partners, the first is an active partner or

6:34

working partner or complementary partner,

6:37

namely a partner who has the right to lead the

6:39

company, the second is a passive partner

6:43

or non-working partner or

6:45

limited partner, namely a partner who only

6:48

contributes his capital

6:50

[Music] The

6:51

fourth form is a limited liability company, a

6:55

limited liability company is an

6:57

association that obtains capital by

7:00

issuing Zero or shares where

7:03

each person can have one

7:06

or more shares and is responsible for the

7:07

amount of capital submitted. Establishing a

7:10

PT must be with a notary deed and

7:14

permission from the Minister of Justice and

7:16

announced in the state gazette so that

7:19

the PT is a legal and legitimate legal entity

7:23

[Music]

7:25

An example of a Privately Owned Enterprise

7:27

is PT Indofood which engaged in the

7:30

food sector,

7:31

Samsung and Apple are said to be moving in the

7:34

technology sector which is said to be Maha which is engaged in

7:37

the field of providing motorbikes, Indosat Ooredoo

7:40

and Tri which are engaged in the field of

7:42

telecommunication services, there is JNE Express

7:46

which is engaged in the field of distributing

7:48

goods, then there is BCA bank which is

7:50

engaged in the field of financial services,

7:54

that's all the material from

7:57

State-Owned Enterprises, regional-owned enterprises and also

8:00

Private-Owned Enterprises that we have

8:02

studied in this video, wait for the

8:04

next video

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